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Source Books Available on Alternative Technologies for Fresh Water Augmentation

Growing demands for water at the national and local level, as well as the increasing costs of water supply and accessibility, are resulting in a need for countries to maximize the use of their existing water supplies and make use of hitherto unexploited fresh water resources.

Nations face rising costs and increasing demand as consumption of water for agricultural and industrial purposes continues to increase. In particular, small island developing states, and countries in Africa, Western Asia, East and Central Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean are troubled by rising demand. Pursuant to this need, UNEP, through its Water Branch, and IETC, decided to prepare surveys of alternative fresh water augmentation technologies in these regions in collaboration with national and regional organizations and institutions.

Information was gathered in each region using literature review and field surveys, and through discussions among concerned individuals and professionals. The results of this process have been compiled into regional source books to assist managers and planners in the water supply and environmental sectors with their efforts to manage fresh water resources.

Each source book consists of three main parts. The introduction provides background, the purpose of the survey, methodology, and the structure of the book. The second part presents technology profiles showing viable alternative technologies used for fresh water augmentation, water quality improvement, water treatment and reuse, and water conservation. Diagrams, photographs, and bibliographies are included. The objective of this section is to provide a reasonably comprehensive inventory of the technologies that water resources professionals can use when planning water development projects, including information on sustainability, advantages and disadvantages, and costs. Finally, in the third part, case studies illustrate and summarize specific technologies that have been adopted in respective regions, offering readers a chance to learn from the experience that others have gained during implementation.

IETC hopes these source books will help those in developing countries and in countries with economies in transition to sustainably develop and use scarce fresh water resources.

Upcoming issues of INSIGHT will present more detailed information on each of the source books, starting with the Sourcebook of Technologies for Freshwater Augmentation in Small Island Developing States.

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